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Marketing Formulas I've Collected Over the Years

I have been inspired by several Biznik articles on marketing. It occurred to me that there is a lot of marketing expertise in our "Biznik Universe." What marketing formulas do you use? Here are some of mine.
Written Jan 09, 2009, read 5494 times since then.
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Over the years I have collected a variety of marketing formulas.  I am giving you the formulas without any explaination.  I know that won't be helpful and informative if you are new to marketing. This article is directed more to those of you who have read and studied everything there is to know about marketing to expand your thinking on what and how to share your message and hopefully in the comments you will share your secrets.

I start with what you learned in college - the 4P's of marketing.  Here's the summary from Wikipedia:

Four P's
In the early 1960s, Professor Neil Borden at Harvard Business School identified a number of company performance actions that can influence the consumer decision to purchase goods or services. Borden suggested that all those actions of the company represented a “Marketing Mix”. Professor E. Jerome McCarthy, also at the Harvard Business School in the early 1960s, suggested that the Marketing Mix contained 4 elements:

1) product
2) price
3) place
4) promotion

Seven P's
As well as the standard four P's (Product, Pricing, Promotion and Placement), services marketing calls upon an extra three, totaling seven and known together as the extended marketing mix.[citation needed] These are:

5) People
6) Process
7) Physical evidence

The 4 and the 7 P's of marketing were not that inspiring to me. They were descriptive but I couldn't create much of a marketing campaign or much of a marketing plan from them. It kept me looking for more answers.

Web 2.0 New Marketing Four P's:

1) Personalization
2) Participation
3) Peer-to-Peer
4) Predictive modeling

I liked this one!  Good take on what is important in web marketing.

AIDA (S)
AIDA is an acronym used in marketing that describes a common list of events that are very often undergone when a person is designing a marketing peice:

A - Attention
I - Interest
D - Desire
A - Action
(S) - Satisfaction

When I learned this one years ago, I thought there was something missing from the formula and I couldn't figure out what it was.  That is what kept me searching for other marketing formulas.


Buying Process

1) Awareness
2) Consideration
3) Purchase
4) Loyalty

Isn't that simple?  I like looking at everything from the buyer's point of view.

WIIFM
What's In It For Me?

For years I studied psychology, influence, and persuasion to figure out how to motivate people to take action.  Once I became aware of this formula I stopped studying all of that stuff and just studied what people want.  This leads to a discussion of Maslow's Heirarchy of Needs.

From Joe Vitale
Aristotle Formula:

1) Problem
2) Promise
3) Proof
4) Price

Joe Vitale is great! He pulls abstract stuff from Aristotle and translates it into a formula.  For years I went on this model even before I learned it from Joe.

The Updated Joe Vitale Formula

1) Promise
2) Proof
3) Price

In his book "Hypnotic Selling" Joe explains how you don't have to rub the client's nose in the problem, they live with the problem.  What they want to hear is the promise.  They will get it if they are feeling the pain.  I use this formula a lot.


From the Book "No More Bullet Points" by Cliff Atkinson

Setting
Dilemma
Solution
Close

I had to extract this formula from the book.  He didn't present it as a formula.  He was sharing in the book that this is how Hollywood creates previews that pull us into the movie theatre.  He says that all good stories center around a dilemma.  That was enlightening to me.

From Sergio Zyman

This is one of my favorite marketing mantra's

The purpose of marketing is simply to “sell more stuff to more people more often for more money more efficiently.™”

  • More Stuff
  • More People
  • More Often
  • More Money
  • More Efficiently

This one is a powerful formula!  I use it to teach my clients how to think about marketing. Not only is it the purpose of marketing, this is a sophisticated marketing strategy.  Create marketing that will get one more customer to buy one more thing, come back and buy one more time, and spend one more dollar with ou while you spend one less dollar on your advertising budget. Mathematically speaking this adds a lot more revenue from the same number of customers.

NLP Selling Formula

1) Establish Rapport
2) Identify Values
3) Create Value
4) Solve Buying Problems
5) Close the Sale

I was in professional sales for years and studied everything I could get my hands on. This NLP formula for sale really resonated with me and I still use it today.

Double A Double M - Back of the Napkin Marketing Strategy

1) Audience
2) Advantage
3) Media
4) Math

I was looking for a way to simplify a marketing plan.  I found that if I can identify these four elements (on the back of napkin), I have a marketing plan.

Y.U.M. Principle of Marketing

You Understand Me

This has been very helpful to my marketing way of thinking.  When a person sees our marketing and says, "you're talking to me." That person will likely become a customer.

"Made to Stick" Formula

Simple
Unexpected
Concrete
Credible
Emotional
Stories

This is from the book "Made to Stick." I highly recommend it.  The idea is to create a message that will change the thinking and the behavior of those who experience it.

I teach hours of courses on these topics.  We have a lot of fun with it. When I am helping a client put their marketing together I usually rely on the "Updated Joe Vitale Formula" (Promise, Proof, & Price). In his book "Hypnotic Writing" he shares some ways to be flexible with the formula and how to adapt it to the customer.

I highly recommend using sales scripts for training purposes. Usually the owner is the best salesperson in the business.  Depending on the product/service or situation I have the business owner video his/her sales presentation and put it on their website.  Nobody sells better than you. This creates consistency with every prospective customer and they get to hear it from the top.

I have seen a dramatic increase in sales conversions when the owner writes down the sequence of their own presentation and writes out the main concepts in a story board fashion.  It helps you to get an objective point of view on what you are saying and how it is being recieved.

What marketing formulas do you use? What has worked for you or your clients?

Learn more about the author, Kirk Davis.

Comment on this article

  • Brand Consultant 
Phoenix, Arizona 
Ken Peters
    Posted by Ken Peters, Phoenix, Arizona | Jan 09, 2009

    Hey Kirk,

    Great info, as always. In reading your article I'm reminded that the common denominator in all of these marketing mixes is... branding (go figure, a branding guy would say that).

    Brands attract attention, generate interest, state a promise, communicate value, provide solutions, offer proof, create desire, compel action, determine satisfaction, foster loyalty, etc., etc. Without effective branding – and it's animating principle, design – no marketing initiative will succeed.

    So, to answer your question... Pretty much every project boils down to, what do we need to say, to whom do we need to say it, and how do we say it most effectively? There is never one formula that fits all (and thank goodness, otherwise things would get pretty boring). So, when we discuss marketing initiatives with clients we look at their brand holistically. We determine how their brand can best be articulated and implemented – and across which consumer touchpoints – to achieve the desired results. We try to get clients focused on making decisions to succeed, rather than merely not to fail. The best laid plans won't get you anywhere if you start off on the wrong foot!

    Thanks for letting me share.

  • Business Education 
Bellevue, Washington 
Kirk Davis
    Posted by Kirk Davis, Bellevue, Washington | Jan 09, 2009

    Ken,

    Great response!

    You will notice I wrote an empty article. This article won't be helpful to most Bizniks. However, I thought the best part of this article would be the comments of the amazing marketing people who have ideas, formulas, and approaches that none of us have heard of before. I love your article "6 Not-So-Obvious Books Every Business Owner Should Read." It demonstrates how innovative ideas come from outside of our normal routines.

    We are all looking for that next idea that is going to move us to the next level of our business.

    Ken, do you have any branding formulas? I thought about that as I put these other formulas together but couldn't come up with any. I liked how you said that branding is an "animating principle." So what is marketing without branding? It seems that all of us have to experiment with different audiences and messages unitl we find what works.

    The 4P's of Marketing and the AIDA Formula always bothered me. I always thought they didn't help me know how to do what I needed to do.

  • digital imaging specialist 
Seattle, Washington 
Rick Sader
    Posted by Rick Sader, Seattle, Washington | Jan 09, 2009

    Kirk;

    That was awesome. You distilled about eight books and two semesters of marketing down to about a page and a half. More. More.

    Rick

  • Low Cost High Quality TV Commercials and Video Production 
Seattle, Washington 
Doug  Basler
    Posted by Doug Basler, Seattle, Washington | Jan 10, 2009

    I take it you want some interaction here? I believe that the most effective marketing strategy is the one you do. in other words pick one and do it! I think sometime people believe that everything has been said and the paralysis of analysis sets in. The key to success is do something, get the word out and learn whats working and where you need to change. Don't make the mistake of continuing to throw good money after bad, if it don't work STOP! If it does DO MORE!

  • Brand Consultant 
Phoenix, Arizona 
Ken Peters
    Posted by Ken Peters, Phoenix, Arizona | Jan 10, 2009

    Kirk,

    You pose the million dollar question to me in your response above (a couple actually).

    Do I have any branding formulas? Each project brings a unique set of circumstances, and you have to adapt your approach accordingly. That being said, I will say that in broad terms we always strive to make emotional connections between the brand and the consumer. Consumers seek security, identity, and acceptance through brands. Determine how and/or why, and create emotional connections through your marketing.

    Example: If you're marketing floor wax, you don't sell the shiny floor, you sell the image of the beautiful, well kept home that is the envy of friends and neighbors. We all want our home to be envied, so that's the emotional connection. It's not the product, what it does, or how well. It's how it makes you feel.

    Remember, marketing (and branding, and advertising) isn't science, it's persuasion, and persuasion is an art.

    What is marketing without branding? It's marketing without much substance, and therefore, marketing that's far less likely to succeed. To go back to my earlier example, it's just a bottle of floor wax – not even the shiny floor, and certainly not the enviable home.

  • Business Education 
Bellevue, Washington 
Kirk Davis
    Posted by Kirk Davis, Bellevue, Washington | Jan 10, 2009

    Doug and Ken,

    Your comments really are great and causing me to reach deeper and think on a higher level. What is fantastic about both of you is that both of you is that you actually create and do the branding for clients. I only talk about it and teach it. You implement it and no doubt make your clients a lot of money.

    This may only end up being a three or four way conversation, but I went to the Seattle membership tab to see which category had the most members. The biggest category was entrepreneur. As I looked through the types of businesses and Bizniks there, I saw what both of you are talking about, people who create value that need to convey, convince, & connect that value to their audience.

    Demand Context

    Here is another secret formula I use with my clients - Demand Context. I got this one from the book Tipping Point. I was helping a virtual assistant get her message out. We were working on a tagline. The tagline we came up with is "Make More Money. Work Less." Can you guess what we believe the demand context to be? I want my clients to tap into the existing market demand rather than try to create a demand. I think Geico is a great example. In fact I tell my clients to "Geico" their business. The consistent theme in all of their advertising is "15 Minutes will Save You 15%." Then within that demand context they go crazy with an infinite number of ads designed to entertain and connect with the audience.

    What Do You Symbolize?

    This is a formula I learned from the Obama campaign. Through the entire primary campaign the only thing we knew about Obama was "Hope and Change." We were spoon fed nothing except hope and change. That message defeated Hillary Clinton and then defeated John McCain. At the end of the election the Republicans could do nothing other than smear Obama. Rasmussen conducted a poll after the election. 83% of those who voted for Obama couldn't name any Obama policies, accomplishments, or many of the controversies the Republicans tried to bring up. The one they they knew? Hope and change. That's the power of branding.

    I work with my clients on identifying their demand context and what they symbolize to their audience. Doug seems to find the most compelling aspect of the business and demonstrates it in a commercial. His AIM formula is simple but powerful. Ken, I was just reviewing your profile and website again. You do amazing work! Did you come up with Atomic BBQ T-shirt "Vegetarians Welcome (but be prepared to change your mind)? That's good stuff.

    Thanks Guys! (Where are all the other marketing people?)

  • Brand Consultant 
Phoenix, Arizona 
Ken Peters
    Posted by Ken Peters, Phoenix, Arizona | Jan 10, 2009

    Kirk,

    You're right, presidential campaign was very intriguing when it came to branding. Political affiliation aside, there is no doubt that from a branding standpoint, Obama nailed it, and McCain simply did not.

    The branding of Obama was exceptional. As your comments point out, in the end polls seem to indicate that voting was based more on emotion, and less on substantive messaging. For Obama to win with such lack of substance in the message further illustrates the power of branding, and making emotional connections. From design, to technology, etc. every "consumer" touchpoint was thoughtfully considered by the Obama campaign and branded to their advantage.

    The McCain campaign sought to make connections to the "average American" whom they defined as "hockey moms", and "Joe six-pack". This focus was far too narrow because it was stereotypical and precluded anyone that didn't associate themselves with that demographic. On the other hand, we ALL have hope, and we ALL wanted change (of some kind or another), so Obama was inclusive to everyone.

    Much has been made of the Obama logo – the sun rising over the American plain – and it's promise of a new day, and a brighter tomorrow. However, as a designer, I've always noted how there is actually nothing in the logo that visually communicates those things any more than communicating that the sun is setting, and we're entering into darkness. I suppose which metaphor is more apt remains to be seen. I wish Mr. Obama the best.

    Lastly, thanks for your kind words about my work. Yes, we developed the slogan and the artwork for that Atomic29 T-shirt. They were a fun client!

    Best.

  • Compant Director 
Singapore, Singapore Singapore 
PATRICK  LAM EE GOH
    Posted by PATRICK LAM EE GOH, Singapore, Singapore Singapore | Feb 03, 2011

    Superb article! mr. Davis. I wonder if you could help. I'm actually looking for a branding formula,something like the 4Ps where I could compartmentalize my thinking for easy presentation as locally most clients are too busy chasing for more sales.Yes,I've been searching for a while and as you know there are hundreds of formulas out there and I'm lost!

    Patrick Goh Singapore 03 Feb 2011

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